Potato
Scientific name : Solanum tuberosum
Mizo name : Alu
Hindi name : Alu
English name : Potato
Sik leh sa
Alu hi hmun vawtah an ching deuh ber thin a. khawlum lam 15OC-25OC inkarah a tha duh deuh ber, 21OC hi Alu bul insiam nan chuan a tha tawk ber a ni. 29OC ai a sangah chuan alu a insiam tha duh lo thin. Heng avangte hian ram vawtah an chin deuh ber thin a, mahse India ramah chuan thalsik laiin phai ramah chuan an ching thin a, tlang ram vawtah chuan nipui laiin an ching thin. Chutih laiin ram vawt lutukah chuan a thang tha thin lo a, vur a tlak naah pehi chuan thlaiin a thih phah thin
Nipui laia chin chuan a kung a thang duah a, mahse Alu a insiamt tha vak loin a puitling har thin, thlasik lai chuan a kung duah vak lovin a alu a insiam rangin a puitling hma deuh thsang in. Ni rei leh thiang tha tak a than laiin a mamawh a, a alu insiam that nan chuan ni tawi leh zan boruak 20OC lovah a tha duh
Leilung mamawh zawng
Alu hi lei chitin deuh thaw ah a chin theih a, mahse changtual lei tha (sandy loam soil) ah a tha deuh ber. Tlak leiah a tha theilo thung. Lei thur deuh atnaga neutral leiah a chin theih a, PH 5.5 – 7.5 a tawk a ni.
A chi len zawng leh a phun inkar hlat dan tur:
A chi a hman tur chu a lendan in ang tlang deuh ni thei se, 25-55mm diameter vela lian emaw 25-75g a rit vel hi a tha ber a, duh thusamah chuan 35-45mm a lian ni thei se. 60cm x 20cm a phun hi a tha ber a, amaherawhchu a chi erawh a ngai hnem deuh. A chi te hi a tha ber ah chuan zai te lova a pum a phun mai hi a tha a, kan zaiphel a nih chuan 0.2% mancozeb a 10minutes tal chiah a tha a, tuh hma chuan daihlimah dar ro tur a ni. Ni 10 emaw kar khat emaw a hma ah zai phel tur a ni
A chin/lin hun:
Alu hi hun hrang hrangah a phun theih a, Mizoramah bih chuan February leh March inkarah(tlangram) a phun a hun ani. August thla tawp lam atanga September thla tir ah(favang thlai atan) a phun theih. A tlangpuiin Ni 60-70 velah an thar tan tlangpui. Alu hi buhpawl emaw favai emaw Dhaincha emaw akhuh hnawng(mulch) hian a thar hlawh duhin, hnim to tur a veng a, a tangkai hle.
A lei sawngbawl dan:
A lei sawngbawl that hian alu a insiam tha duh , hei bakah lei a hnawng rei duh bik a. Hmun lum lam deuh a ching tur tan chuan April – June vela uluk taka leh a dah ruah hrih tur ani; he tia tih hian lei a natna hrik(soil borne pathogen) te a ti hlum in, hnim kumhlun chi te a that thin; a lu chin dawn hnaihah dip taka leh phut leh tur a ni. Leitha siam thei thlai(green manure crops) eg. Dhaincha, behlawi etc- te chin a chawlhkar 7-8 hnua leh leh vek hi duhthusam a ni a, chu chuan NPK leitha hman tur 2-0-30% velin a tihniam a thei ani.
Leitha (fertilizer) mamawh zat :
Nitrogen hi alu ah chuan a pawimawh ber kan ti thei ang. N hian a kung a thang chak tir,a hnah(leaf area) a ti hlai tha a, alu a lian duh bawk bakah kung khatah alu a insiam tam bik bawk a ni. A tlangpuiin 120-150Kg N/Ha a mamawh a, tum hnih pekah hman tur a ni a, a hmasa zawk chu a phun laiin a chanve pek tur a ni a, a chanve dang leh chu hlothlawh hnuah pek leh tur a ni. Phosphorus (P) hi 50 – 100Kg/Ha an pe tlangpui a, a bikin tlangram leiin a mamanw hnem zual. P hian alu te deuh zawkte a ti lian a, a thar a ti hlawk thin. ‘P’ a tlakchham erawh chuan a thang chak lovin, a hnah a lo eng deuh a, a lang hrisel lovin a land dul duk thin. Pottasium(K) hi tlangram ah chuan 95Kg/Ha a mamawh tlangpui a, K hian Alu lian pui pui a thar tir thei a. K a tlakchham chuan a than a thu a, a chang a zing chul thin. A hnah a lo pawl duk deuh a, a zik a lo eng in a chang chuan a that thin.
Hlo thlawh :
Hlo a lo lan veleh thlawh mai tur a ni a,a tlangpuiin 8-10cm a sang a nihin hlo hmasa thlawh a hun a, thlawh hnuhnung ber chu phun atanga Ni 25-30 a tawk vel. Tlangramah chuan chawlhkar 6-8 hnuah a ni tlangpui; hetih hun lai hian Nitrogen changve dang kha pek tur a ni
Tui pek :
Tlangramah chuan ruahtui ring a chin anih avangin tuipek a ngai lova, hmun hniam leh phaizawlah chuan pek a ngai thung, chin veleh hian pek tur a ni a, chumi hnuah 2-5% vel a chawr hnuah pek leh tur a ni, a hmalam erawh chu tur a mamawh dan a zir a pek tawh mai tur a ni, a tlangpuiin Ni 6-10 kar danah pek a tha. Tui a tlakchhamchuan a lu atein a thang puitling tha thei lo, khuh hnawn(mulching) hi a tangkai hle. tur ani, a chhan chu alu a ti hmelhem theiin a lang turhnai lo thei a, kan seng tlai deuh chuan tui pek lawk lo a, a seng dawng hnaihah chauh pek tur a ni
Seng hnu a enkawl dan (Post harvest manangement ):
Seng zawh velehni 10-15 chhung alu te chu daihhlimah tih hul tur a ni a. a tawih leh a chhia chu a khat tawka paih zeuh zeuh tur a ni. Alu hi hmun thumah then tur a ni a, a lendan a zirin (i) extra special (ii) special leh (iii) general ti a then hran tur a ni a, buara-ahemaw satha ip-ah emaw bazara zawrh tur a thun tur a ni.
