Brinjal

Bawkbawn chin leh enkawl dan

Scientific name :         Solanum melongena

Hindi               :            Baigon

Mizo                :           Bawkbawn

English            :           Brinjal

Sik leh sa        :

• Boruak lum leh hnawngah a tha duh hle 
• Ram vawtah leh vur tlakna hmunah a tha thei lo
• A than chhungin boruak lum lutuk lo leh vawt lutuk lo a mamawh
• Khawlum lam 20^OC - 30^OC ah a tha duh 
• Zan lam boruak vawt lutuk a chhiatpui fo 

Leilung mamawh zawng: 

• Lei dur tha tak tui pai tam mahse in thlihul hma si(sandy loam soil) ah a tha duh ber 
• Lei thur lam pH 5.5. – 6.6 

Leitha (fertilizer) mamawh zat :   Leitha mamawh zat hi lei that leh that loh dan a zirin a danglam hret thei a, chumi mil chuan her rem tur a ni. 

• Bawngek ro tha leh tawih tha :           25-30t/ha

N  :-           100 – 120kg/ha

P   :-           75 – 85 kg/ha

K  :-           45 – 50 kg/ha

• A theih chuan boron pek tel tur @ 20-25kg/ha
•  

A kar hlat zawng : 60cm x 45cm , 60cm x 60cm, 75cm x  60cm, 75cm x 75cm

            A thang duang chi leh thar tlai chi chu a inkar hlat deuhah phun tur 

A chi mamawh zat :  Hectare khat atan 200g a tawk 

A chin hun     

Favang bawkbawn                  :-          August - September

Nipui thlai bawkbawn             :-          June – July 

Tlangram/Thingtlang                :-         March – April

A phunsawn hun

Favang bawkbawn                  :-          kar 6-8 hnuah a phunsawn theih 

Nipui thlai bawkbawn             :-          kar 4 hnuah a phunsawn theih 

• Bawkbawn hi thlai damrei tak a ni a, lei thatna hmunah chuan hun rei tak chhung   tam tak takin a thar theih a ni.
• Natna laka fihlim lo leh fere deuh leh upa tawh chu phunsawn loh tur. 
• A tiak hrisel tha leh than duang tha deuh phunsawn tur a ni. 

Enkawl zui dan : 

• Bawkbawn hi a than muan avangin a bul velah hnim thlawhfai ngun tur 
• A thlai bulhnai tak chu thlawh fail oh tur a zung tihchhiat a awl
• A len hnuah a bul rihfai tur a ni. 
• A kung bulhnai tak thlawh loh tur, a zung tih chhiat loh tur
• A zam kanna siam sak tur 
• A kung hnuai lama peng te paih a tha
• A rah ni sa lutuk hem tir loh tur

A lawh hun : 

• A chan hma, a no lai ngei a lawh tur
• Lawh hunah pawt bal mai lovin chemte hriam takin a rah kungah zai chhum tur 
• A kung tihpem tell oh tur a ni ang.

Thar zat : 

A hma chi        :-          25 – 30t/ha

            Hybrid             :-          35 -50t/ha

Seng hnua a rah sawngbawl dan:

Bawkbawn rah chu lawh zawh veleh tuia phuh huh tur a ni a, bazar hnai deuhva hralh turin tuia phuh zawhah chuan pate-ah emaw lehkhakhawng bawmah khung that tur a ni.  Boruak pangngaiah chuan bawkbawn hi a dahthat rei vak theih loh.  Thlasik lai chuan ni 2-3 vel a dah that theih a, nipui lai erawh chuan ni hnih khat hnuah a chuan a vuai chhe mai thin. Amaherawhchu boruak 10-11OC leh boruak hnawn lam 92% ah chuan kar hnih thum chhung vel lai a dah that theih a ni. Boruak ro lutukah chuan a sawng chak hle a, a lan dan a itawm lohvin leh chhum pawhin a hmin har deuhin a thar a tluk tawh thin lo. Room temperature chhunga Polythene bag tih kuak deuh chuk a dah hian bawkbawn hi bawm chhin neilo leh tuam loah dah ai chuan a tha rei zawk a ni. 

Bawkbawn eichhetu rannung leh a natna-te:

Hadda beetle: 

Hadda beetle puitling tawh chu a buang dang deuh, a hnung lama spot dum awm thet a ni a, a puitlin hma, vual ang deuha a awm lai chuan a rawng a eng thin a ni. A tui chu churut(meizial) ang deuh a ni a,  a rawng a eng a, a tui khawm thin a, hmunkhatah a awm tuar zel a ni. A note leh a puitling hian a hnah hi an ei pilh nung thin a, a hring lai zawng a zawh hnuah a, a hnah chu a ruhrel chauh bangin an zuah thin. 

Aphids: Aphid hi fanghmir tui ang deuh a, rannnung te tak te te var ang hi a ni a, a note leh a puitling chuan a hnah a tuihnang a zuk a, a zuk tawh chu a rawng a lo eng a, a lo piangsualin a ro chhe vat thin. Aphid hian bawkbawn hnahah thil thlum a siam chhuak, chu thil thlumah chuan ting ek ang thil dum a lo insiam a, chu chuan a hnah chu ni eng hmu tha thei lovin a siam, a hnah atang chaw siam a ti thuanawp thin. 

A kuang leh a rah nget(Shoot & fruit borer): vual a nih lai chuan a kung a kher a, a thanna lai tak chu a ei chhe thin. A ei chhiat tawh hi chu a kung a lo vuaiin, a thle deuh hnup bawk thin. A hnu deuh chuan a rah a ei chhia a, mihring ei tlak loh hialin a ei chhe thin. 

Red spider mite: vual a nih lai leh a puitling hma deuh leh a puitlin thlengin a hnah hnuai a ei chhe thin a, a ei chhiat tawh chu a lo a khawr tial tial a, a tawpah chuan a sawng vek thin. 

Phomopsis blight and fruit rot:  a hnah ah chuan he natna hi a a bial in a rawn duk thluk thluk thin. A hnuah chuan a rah chu rawng dal deuhvin a rawn khuar thin, he khuar hi a rawn lian tulh tulh a, a rah pumpui chu a lo duk chhuak vek a, a rah chhung chu a lo tawih thin.

Little leaf:  He natna hriat theih dan awlsam ber chu a hnah a lo te bik a, a hnah kuang a tawi bik a, a kung chang a lo zing bawk a, tin a hnah chu a sei deuh zet bawk a,a lo nemin, a mam deuh pur a. A kung pumpui chu thang tha lovin a buk thin, hei bakah hian a rah tlem thei hle. 

Sclerotinia blight: a zar chu a chunglam atangin a lo vuai tan a, a kung pui a khawih chhe vat thin. He natna hi a nasat viau chuan hmuarin a zar penna bulah a rawn bawm z, a tawpah chuan a kung pumpui a lo vuai vek thin.

Root-knot nematode:  he natna hriat awlsam theihna ber chu a zunga bawk a lo awm hian ani a. A kung a thang tha thei lova,  a chinna a he natna a luh tawh chuan, huan pumpuia bawkbawn chu a thang tha theilo vek thin 

Integrated Pest Management Strategies

Kui tiah laia hriattur: 

• A tiak tir lawng tur venna atan nursey bed chu lei atanga 10cm a sangah tui a luan hul zung zung theihna turin siam ngei ngei thin tur a ni. A chi kuina tui lei chu thlai chi thlak hmain lei a natna awm thei laka veng turin 10% formaldehyde a leih tur a ni a, hei hian a vuai natna leh a zung bawk lakahte a veng thei dawn a ni. 

• A chunga sawi anga kan tih hian, hriatreng tur chu, nisa a natna hrikte pho hlum anih theih nan lei chu a hnawng tha ngei ngei tur a ni.
• Hmuar natna lampang veng turin  Trichoderma viride 250gm chu  FYM 3kg nen chawhpawlh a, he Trichoderma viride  hi a lo pun theih nan ni 7 chhung dah vang vang tur a ni. Ni 7 hnuah chuan 3sqm a zau nursery bed ah chawhpawlh tur ani. 
• A chi tuh/theh hmain a chi chu  T. viride @ 4 gm/ kg a sawngbawl tur a ni. hnim awm miah lo tura thlawh fai reng tur, a tiak natna kai chu paih chhuah nghal tur a ni. 

Natural enemies (Rannung tangkaite)

A phunsawn hnua enkawl dan: 

• Rannung eichhetu sava awlsam taka a fuk theih nan Sava fukna tur tin khat hmun zelah 10 tal siam a tha
•  Rannung (hoppers, aphids and white fly etc.) manna tur thil ban (Delta and yellow sticky traps) 2-3tal tin khat hmunah  dah tel tur. 
• Neem oil (2%) a kah hian a nget tlem azawng a veng thei a, a veng zo lo anih imidacloprid 17.8 SL @ 150 ml/ha a kah mai tur a ni.
•  Rannung ( akung leh a rah nget) manna tur Pheromone traps @ 5/ acre  dah tur ani, tin, a chawchah hi ni 15-20 dan zelah thlak thin tur ani.
• Rannung tui ei zotu  T. brasiliensis @ 1 – 1.5 lakh/ ha chu a kung leh a rah nget venna atang vawi 4-5 vel kar khat danah chhuah tur a ni. 
• Phun atanga ni 25 leh ni 60-naah  neem cake @ 250 kg/ ha chu vawi hnih pek a hmangin pek tur a ni. Hei hian a zung bawk leh a nget a veng dawn a ni. khawlum lam 30⁰C aia a san lai leh thli a tleh nasat lai chuan neem cake hi pek loh tur  ani. 
• A ngetin a tichhiat tawh chu paih a, a rah chhiate khawm a paih bo hian a net leh a tawih tur a veng. 
• Nget hi a nasat a 5% aia tam a nget chuan , cypermethrin 25 EC @ 200 g a.i/ha (0.005%) or carbaryl 50 WP @ 3 g/litre of water or endosulfan 35 EC @ 0.07% a kah tur a ni. 
• A zawn zata bawkbawn chin char char hian a vuai natna leh a nget a tam duh a; chuvang chuan solanaaceae family(samtawk, tomato, bawkbawn, alu etc) ami thlai nilo, thlai chi dang a phun thlak tur a ni. 
• A khat tawkin rannung tui, vual leh panngang; bawkbawn eichhetu rannungte chu vai zeuh zeuh a, paih bo thin tur a ni.
• A hnah te natna(little leaf) vei ho kha a khat tawk a vai zeuh zeuh a, paih chhuah thin tur a ni. Green manure hmante, polythene-a khuhhnawnte, bleachin powder a lei sawngbawlte hian a vuai natna(bacterial wilt)  lakah a veng thei a ni.  

Table: Cost of cultivation of Brinjal